Arrays

In Go, an array is a numbered sequence of elements of a specific length. In typical Go code, slices are much more common; arrays are useful in some special scenarios.

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {

    // Here we create an array a that will hold exactly 5 ints. The type of elements
    // and length are both part of the array’s type. By default an array is zero-valued
    // which for ints means 0s.
    var a [5]int
    fmt.Println("emp:", a)

    // We can set a value at an index using the array[index] = value syntax
    // and get a value with array[index].
    a[4] = 100
    fmt.Println("set:", a)
    fmt.Println("get:", a[4])

    // The builtin len returns the length of an array.
    fmt.Println("len:", len(a))

    // Use this syntax to declare and initialize an array in one line.
    b := [5]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
    fmt.Println("dcl:", b)

    // Array types are one-dimensional, but you can compose types to build
    // multi-dimensional data structures.
    var twoD [2][3]int
    for i := 0; i < 2; i++ {
        for j := 0; j < 3; j++ {
            twoD[i][j] = i + j
        }
    }
    fmt.Println("2d: ", twoD)
}

Note that arrays appear in the form [v1 v2 v3 ...] when printed with fmt.Println.

$ go run arrays.go
emp: [0 0 0 0 0]
set: [0 0 0 0 100]
get: 100
len: 5
dcl: [1 2 3 4 5]
2d:  [[0 1 2] [1 2 3]]